Essay for applying to university
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Monday, August 24, 2020
Kozol Amazing Grace
Presentation A verifiable writing author by the name Jonathan Kozol who is most popular for his distributions concerning government funded instruction expounded on the battles, issues and difficulties that the offspring of the destitute individuals face in USA. He began expounding on government funded training after he was terminated from Boston Public Schools in the wake of showing a Langston Hughes sonnet yet later he was extended to an employment opportunity in the locale that he experienced childhood in, Newton Public Schools.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Kozol: Amazing Grace explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kozol is viewed as an extraordinary teacher and dissident who accomplished some incredible work in supporting for social equity predominantly through his compositions and deciphering logical works for example in the field of social brain science (Schultz, 2001). Let us take a gander at one of his composition, ââ¬ËAmazing Graceâ⠬â¢. Kozolââ¬â¢s Work In this paper talks about crafted by Kozol, Amazing Grace, in recognizing the difficulties and issues that Americaââ¬â¢s poor populace faces in their everyday life. A bigger level of the influenced individuals are either dark Americans or of Hispanic roots living in Bronx, St. Annââ¬â¢s Avenue, Beckman Avenue, Cypress, Hunts point, Mott Haven, East Tremont among others. He acquaints with us the unsettling encounters that these needy individuals face including separation and racial isolation. The most influenced are the more youthful populace particularly youngsters who are as yet subject to their folks. He cites when youngsters are presented to extraordinary hardships they are not solidified as individuals may might suspect. The main thing that causes them to endure is that they are normally brimming with trust and are more than ready to invite better life. For example the individuals who join in and live close St. Annââ¬â¢s church are supposed to be the most unfortunate in America, the minister to this congregation was met by Kozol and he referenced that he had visited various pieces of America and as indicated by him this was the ââ¬Å"poorest of the least fortunate by any standard he can think ofâ⬠(Schultz, p 372). Measurable reports discharged demonstrated that 95% of the occupants of this region live beneath the destitution line. At a nearby primary school at St. Annââ¬â¢s Avenue, just under ten kids out of 800 kids can serenely manage the cost of their own lunch every day for example they are not reliant of the free snacks that are offered at the school. Five of the ten accept that they are simply poor yet not down and out and by this, the much of the time don't depend/acknowledge the free lunch offered (Schultz, p 372). As we probably am aware in the event that destitution levels are very high, at that point wrongdoing is well on the way to be as high in similar regions and this lessens security in the region s. This is known to the administration however not a lot is being done to deal with the circumstance. The New York Times alludes to this territory, St. Annââ¬â¢s Avenue, as ââ¬Å"the deadliest squares in the deadliest region of the city. They guarantee that, if there is a deadlier spot in the United States of America, they donââ¬â¢t know where it isâ⬠(Schultz, p 373).Advertising Looking for paper on american writing? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is the region that in the mid 90ââ¬â¢s, when Kozol composed his work, was driving in instances of murder. Kozol says that an aggregate of 84 individuals were killed only a couple of months before he visited the region. A large portion of them were underneath 21 years old. During his stay in the zone another ten individuals were shot dead on Beckman Avenue and in this Avenue larger part of the populace are schoolchildren and this implies they were in all probabil ity presented to this occurrences. The next year which was 1993 on Valentineââ¬â¢s Day an entire group of six were shot without a second thought in their home and nobody endure. Their home was just scarcely any squares from them police however nothing was done to keep the coldhearted activity from occurring (Schultz, p 373). The horror rates as we have seen are advanced by the high neediness levels, yet this isn't the main result of the destitution. There is likewise a ton of medication use and unexpected weakness care. Discussing the medications they additionally add to wrongdoing as we probably am aware and Mont Haven is the most influenced zone. Some investigation that Kozol cited on his composing demonstrated that during the hour of his examination, there were more than four thousands intravenous medication clients the majority of which were addicts of heroin and cocaine. Intravenous medication clients will in general advance the spread of HIV/AIDS, a pandemic that has assert ed a great deal of lives everywhere throughout the world. This is subsequent to sharing needles for infusing the medications. Kozol says that after he met a few youngsters from the regions I referenced above, he inferred that something like each kid in these regions is aware of somebody who kicked the bucket from AIDS, this may either be a neighbor or a family member. The most disheartening news is that more than 25 percent of every pregnant lady that go to pre-birth center are tried positive of the HIV. From 1993 to the year 2000 more than thirty 8,000 youngsters were tainted with HIV generally through mother to kid change during or after birth. The vast majority of these kids just lived for one and a half years. Just 5% of them made due to 12 years and more than 10,000 youngsters were stranded during this period. 20% of the 10,000 were inhabitants of Mott Haven and they were for the most part Hispanic or Black American. Kozol recounts to a disheartening story of which was describe d to him as cited beneath, ââ¬Å"In one family, the dad kicked the bucket two years back and the mother is going to pass on. The four destined to-be-stranded kids are being thought about by their 75-year-old grandma. One of the kids, a nine-year-old, is debilitated with all out AIDS. Another youngster, seven years of age, is less wiped out however heââ¬â¢s been getting IV blood infusions.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Kozol: Amazing Grace explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The six-year-old might be alright. Be that as it may, itââ¬â¢s the 13-year-old young lady, who isnââ¬â¢t wiped out, whoââ¬â¢s causing the most concerns. Sheââ¬â¢s remaining out throughout the night, opposing her grandma. She gazed to do this at 11, when her dad kicked the bucket. As of late, this young lady had an abortionâ⬠(Schultz, p 377). Asthma, dread and tension are the absolute most basic infections and issues separately that kids from this t erritories face in their lives. Winter season is viewed as the most exceedingly terrible climate since they are never very much shielded from the risky chilly climate. Once in a while the legislature is compelled to circulate free electric covers and some of the time space radiators to shield them from the virus. This prompts over stacking on the power gracefully in these regions and they are compelled to go to camping beds as another option (Schultz, p 372). End The occupants of these territories particularly kids have their solace on one tune which to them resembles a petition, ââ¬Å"Amazing elegance! How sweet the sound, that spared a knave like me, I used to be lost and now am discovered, was visually impaired however now I seeâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ This is as per Jonathan Kozol who identifies with them. References Schultz, F. ââ¬Å"SOURCES: Notable determinations in education.â⬠New York: McGraw-Hill Dushkin, 2001, p 370-380. This exposition on Kozol: Amazing Grace was composed and presented by client Sariyah Cantu to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it appropriately. You can give your paper here.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Families of Children with Downs Syndrome free essay sample
An examination into the impacts of destitution on guardians with kids with Downs Syndrome and different pressure factors put on these families. A paper which recognizes the pressure set on groups of youngsters with Downs Syndrome. It recognizes the stressors explicitly related to having a Downs Syndrome youngster as opposed to the typical burdens related with child rearing an ordinary kid. The investigation decides if the guardians of Downs Syndrome youngsters experience more prominent levels, more successive or more ceaseless pressure side effects than guardians of typical kids. The examination looks at the impacts of destitution on both the guardians of typical and Downs Syndrome Children. The examination analyzes the impacts that these anxieties are probably going to have on the family and results of the disabled kid. It centers around the anxieties related with groups of low financial status who have Downs Syndrome youngsters. The creator offers proposals with respect to the sorts of projects, which might be useful to improving the results for both the youngsters and their families. We will compose a custom article test on Groups of Children with Downs Syndrome or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It offers proposals with respect to how to enable these families to increase better access to training and administrations custom-made to their particular needs. Numerous elements have been appeared to influence the capacity of the family to adjust to changes and stress, for example, the introduction of a debilitated youngster. Research by Flaherty (2000) examined modification in moms and fathers raising kids with Downs disorder. He looked at families who had a Downs condition youngster by birth with families who had intentionally received a kid with Downs disorder. He gathered that the families who embraced kids with Downs Syndrome were bound to be composed. Real outcomes, in any case, showed that birth moms and fathers were working comparatively to receptive moms and fathers on the result factors. Generally speaking, birth just as receptive families seemed, by all accounts, to be changing great to the difficulties of raising a kid with Down condition. (Flaherty, 2000). This investigation would persuade that burdens are a similar whether the circumstance was a shock or anticipated.
Saturday, July 25, 2020
Resume Writing, FUN Yes! Here Are My Top 7 Ways
Resume Writing, FUN Yes! Here Are My Top 7 Ways On May 12th, I presented a webinar for Yale alumni on the Top 7 Ways to Make Resume Writing FUN! Does this sound like an event youâd want to attend? (Spoiler: Keep reading for a link to watch it!) Top 7 Ways to Make Resume Writing FUN! Speaker: Brenda Bernstein, Yale College Alumna and Certified Executive Resume Master / Certified Master Resume Writer Itâs time to write or edit your resume. Do you greet this project with enthusiasm or do you scream AAARGH!? Whether you are a new grad, a career changer, or a senior executive, you probably have at least a little resistance to writing the most important career document of your life. The good news: Resume writing does not have to be a drag. In this webinar, Brenda Bernstein will give you her Top 7 Ways to Make Resume Writing FUN! PLAY the Resume GAME SPICE UP your formatting POWER UP your verbs DISCOVER Resume Tetris GO on a treasure hunt TURN worry into CREATIVITY And GET the JOB Have FUN and write a winning resume at the same time. Donât miss this opportunity to take the AAARGH out of resume writing! If you answered Yes that you wish you could have been on this webinar, youâre in luck! The Yale Office of Career Strategy was generous enough to give me permission to share the link to the recording. So as a break from my weekly written articles, Iâm sharing this webinar with you today. Enjoy (and donât mind the bulldog images sprinkled throughout the slide deck)! CLICK BELOW TO WATCH Note: The discount offer in the webinar has expired, but the $50 Resume Review and $50 LinkedIn Profile Review services are still available to you! You can sign up for those here: Resume Review Special LinkedIn Profile Review Special Let me know if you have any questions or other suggestions for playing the resume writing game. I look forward to your comments!
Friday, May 22, 2020
Hsc Art Case Study. Marcel Duchamp Essay examples
ââ¬Å"The Duchampian Influenceâ⬠Marcel Duchamp. In 1913 a French artist mounted a bicycle wheel on a stool, and changed the art world forever. Duchamp is arguably the most influential artist of the twenty-century, his influence is not always obvious or dominate however the underlying acceptance of radical freedom of action and thought that is concurrent in artists practice can always be traced back to Duchamp. Duchamp was a French artist who was a part of the Dada movement, a modern art movement based around the idea of challenging the norm. Dada was anti-art, it was more a ââ¬Å"world viewâ⬠rather then a distinct style, going against conventional art the aim being to provoke, stimulate and involve the audience (even if that involvement was byâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In mocking the seriousness of that ambitious art, Rauschenberg predicted an attitude more widespread among later generations of artists. Bed is as personal as a self-portrait, a quality consistent with Rauschenbergs statement, Painting relates to both art and lifeâ⬠¦I try to act in that gap between the two. Although the materials here come from a bed, and are arranged like one, Rauschenberg has hung them on the wall, like a work of art. So the bed loses its function, but not its associations with sleep, dreams, illness, sexââ¬âthe most intimate moments in life. Critics have also projected onto the fluid-drenched fabric connotations of violence and morbidity. Bed is multi-layered artwork; in a Duchampian way he challenged traditional conventional aesthetic and methods. Rauschenberg treats the materials with a certain respect while he integrates the objects (pillow, bed sheets and quilt) with the paint evoking the past life of the objects. Rauschenberg gives new life from the old. Much like Duchampââ¬â¢s Readymades; Rauschenbergââ¬â¢s Combines challenged the ââ¬Å"notion of originalityâ⬠. Even in contemporary art, audiences have difficulty accepting found objects/readymades that the artist themselves have not originally made (for example Jeff Koonsââ¬â¢s work) as art. Yet without Duchamp setting the past precedent with his readymades the work of Rauschenberg would be ââ¬Å"unimaginableâ⬠. Duchampââ¬â¢s readymades where selected objects that
Friday, May 8, 2020
Summary Of The Charismatic Theology Of Luke-Acts - 1428 Words
In The Charismatic Theology of St. Luke, Robert Stronstad adduces a succinct interpretation of the significance of Holy Spirit according to Lukan theology. He examines both the Spiritââ¬â¢s activity in Luke-Acts and the implications of the Gift of the Spirit in empowering, equipping, and commissioning of Godââ¬â¢s people for service. The text is separated into six sections covering ââ¬Å"the Holy Spirit in Luke-Actsâ⬠, ââ¬Å"the Holy Spirit in the Old Testamentâ⬠, ââ¬Å"the Holy Spirit in the Gospel of Lukeâ⬠, ââ¬Å"The Holy Spirit at Pentecostâ⬠, ââ¬Å"The Holy Spirit in the Acts of the Apostlesâ⬠and the Charismatic Theology of St. Luke. Summary of the Work In the first section, ââ¬Å"The Holy Spirit in Luke-Acts: A Challenge in methodologyâ⬠, Stronstad discusses the theologicalâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In this section Stronstad highlights the work of the charismatic Spirit in the Old Testament and the charismatic Spirit in the intertestamental period. The following installment of The Charismatic Theology of St. Luke focuses on Holy Spirit in the Gospel of Luke and the Charismatic nature of Christ. In this chapter Stronstad examines how Luke observes the Spirit in the infancy narrative, inauguration narrative and various texts dispersed throughout his Gospel. A central motif within this section is Jesus fulfillment of Old testament prophetic trajectories. Next, Stronstad addresses the charismatic community and ââ¬Å"The Holy Spirit at Pentecostâ⬠. He asserts: ââ¬Å"The Pentecost narrative is the story of the transfer of the charismatic Spirit from Jesus to the disciples. [...] By this transfer of the Spirit, the disciples become the heirs and successors to the earthly charismatic ministry of Jesusâ⬠(Stronstad, 55). Additionally, he stresses the complexity of the gift of the Spirit. The event that transpired at Pentecost can be described as but not limited to a baptizing, clothing, outpouring, filling, and empowering of the Spirit. Acts of the Apostles chronicles the rapid advancement of the Gospel by way of the gift of the Holy Spirit. ââ¬Å"The Holy Spirit in the Acts of the Apostles: The Charismatic Community in Missionâ⬠takes into account the narratives succeeding Pentecost including Spirit Baptisms from Samaria to Ephesus (ActsShow MoreRelatedPerspectives On Spirit Baptism : Comparative Analysis Paper1469 Words à |à 6 PagesPerspectives on Spirit Baptism: Comparative Analysis Paper Nupur James Pentecostal Theology Pent 0505 Instructor: Peter Neumann Date: October 21, 2016 Spirit baptism has been an important topic in the Church for a really long time and while we discuss this topic we always have several questions rising about this issue. Churches have different perspective about the way they address the issue. The common question which arises with this topic are that, some of the Churches claimRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 PagesCreating a Positive Work Environment 22 â⬠¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 â⬠¢ Inputs 24 â⬠¢ Processes 25 â⬠¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? ââ¬Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Womenâ⬠12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Heidi Roizen Free Essays
1. What are the strengths and weaknesses of Roizenââ¬â¢s network at the end of the case? Heidi Roizen has invested time and effort in developing and sustaining relationships/networks in the computer industry, especially in the Silicon Valley area, throughout her professional career. As she moves into her venture capitalist role, her networking efforts have the following strengths ââ¬â â⬠¢Includes executives including CEOââ¬â¢s, thereby giving her the experience of interacting with these business leaders. We will write a custom essay sample on Heidi Roizen or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since she has established relationships with many and her credibility is proven, which is an important criterion for business leaders; this is a critical skill in her new role. â⬠¢Since she is not only well known in the internet industry but is also well respected, her joining Softbank provides positive feedback about the new group making it an attractive opportunity for many. Her current role is different from her prior jobs in that it requires making go/no-go funding decisions about start-up companies rather than establish a network of contact to help develop the business she was involved in. This fundamental difference in her role will put strains on her vast network as well as herself. Namely- â⬠¢Reject projects from her acquaintances. Even though she has been making concerted efforts to reach out to those affected by these adverse decisions, there is a good possibility that some people will let these decision impact their personal/professional relationships with her. Since, she is very values her relationships a lot I imagine such issues will negatively affect her at a personal level. This has the potential of having a negative impact on her credibility in the industry â⬠¢Trying to manage her network will put constraints on her professional and/or personal life. As she mentions that she spends two hours per day sending out rejection notes, I believe for her to be able to sustain this she will need to put in extra hours at work or compromise the quality of work. â⬠¢Create internal conflict for herself by deviating from her philosophy of helping others when it is a mutually beneficial situation for both, since in her current role she is feeling pressured to help people by referring them to the companies she is tied with. 2) What specific steps did Roizen take to develop her network? To maintain it? Heidi Roizen is a very well know business leader in the computer industry sector, especially in Silicon Valley. During the course of her career she has built a vast network of connections. The basic reason for her vast network can be attributed to her innate extro vert and high energy personality coupled with a desire to interact and help people with high caliber and engaging personalities. In addition, she was also required to cultivate relationships to support the software company, T/Maker, which she co-founded in the early phase of her career. The primary objective was to market the companyââ¬â¢s product. Her strategies towards developing relationships included ââ¬â â⬠¢Follow the ââ¬Ëwhat can I offerââ¬â¢ approach. In her interactions with people she planned carefully on how to help their projects/needs. During her time at Tandem, she had opportunity to work with the companyââ¬â¢s CEOââ¬â¢s and through her approach she built relationships with the CEO. Her relationship benefited her professionally as he recommended her for the Stanford MBA program. â⬠¢Identify organizations and people that will help her initiatives and engage them through meaningful contributions in their activities. To promote her company, T/Maker, Heidi networked with the press, the software entrepreneurââ¬â¢s forums and the software publishers association. Through her contributions she has established sustainable relationships, as is evident by the glowing reviews paid to her by business leaders such as Brian Gentile of eALITY Inc. â⬠¢Trust her judgments on the caliber of person she associates with rather than their position in the organization. The paper gives instances where she built relationships with ââ¬Ësmartââ¬â¢, ââ¬Ëinterestingââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëgood qualityââ¬â¢ people who later become senior executives in their companies. Relationships are built on a combination of professional-social interactions. She is known to have regular parties at her house. She used these events not only to build her relationships but also provide networking opportunities to her guests. Heidi gives a lot of importance to her relationships and is consequently very conscientious in sustaini ng them. To maintain her network, she believes in â⬠¢Quality of the interaction rather than quantity. She leverages her relationships after much thought, for e. g. higher up in the organization her contact is, fewer times she would contact that individual for favor. â⬠¢Focus on been consistent in the relationship. She emphasizes being consistent in her actions while dealing with friends. â⬠¢Ensuring there is reciprocity in the relationship i. e. , there is a balance between the times she is asking for help versus helping that particular individual out. ? 3) How does your own network compare with Roizenââ¬â¢s? To what extent are the differences due to the political structure in the networks assist? To what extent are the differences due to the personal preferences and style? As I compare my social/professional network to Heidi Roizenââ¬â¢s, one of the biggest differences is the number of people we know-my LinkedIn contact list is at 100+ while I guess Heidiââ¬â¢s would be 500+ category. After going through this article I have realized the significance networking can have on oneââ¬â¢s profession and moving forward will like to The commonalities between our relationships include â⬠¢Quality of interactions rather than quantity. I have some very good friends whom I only meet once/twice per year yet the relationship has been sustained. â⬠¢Relationships have to be on an even footing. I make concerted efforts to ensure reciprocity is maintained from my end. There have been occasions in the past where I have discontinued relationships when I felt the other individual was always asking for help. Some differences that occur in our relationships are â⬠¢Heidi is very social and has parties almost every weekend in her house. This is not the case at my place. There is a very strong emphasis in her life on networking, which is not the case for me. She seems to invest time in relationships with the intent of leveraging them for future benefit either for herself or other acquaintances. This becomes clear at the end of the case during her time Softbank she referred people to organizations that will help her business interest. In my case, relationships can sometimes be used to exchange ideas or just have fun withou t the intent of obtaining any benefit. â⬠¢I am generally not looking to bring people together for mutual benefit. â⬠¢She makes an effort of meeting new people through attending trade shows, participating in conference etc. In my role, I have opportunity to attend technical conferences but my primary intent there is to acquire knowledge rather than meet new people. In my opinion one of the biggest reasons for the differences is our personality type. She is an out-going, high energy person with a passion for meeting new people. This means that interacting and meeting new people provides her with fuel to get recharged in life. I am an introvert who enjoys meeting people but feel drained after these experiences and need alone/close family time to recharge. In addition, differences between Heidi and me can also be attributed to our professions. Since she has primarily worked as entrepreneurs/business developer, my role is to develop manufacturing processes. I believe there is a fundamental difference between these roles, her job needs interacting with a large number of people whereas in my case knowledge about the processes is more important. ? 4) What suggestions would you give Roizen for adjusting and maintaining her network as she became more involved as an internet venture capitalist? I will give her the following suggestions â⬠¢She should not try to sustain every relationship that she has established over the years. She should create of priority list of people and maintain relationships with those who meet her basic requirement of being ââ¬Ësmartââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëgood qualityââ¬â¢ as well are value added in her new role. She has to juggle three critical roles ââ¬â family, work and network management. If she focuses too much on trying to maintain her network, there is a high probability that one or both of the others will suffer. She should focus on creating some relationships with people who are not in the same industry sector as her. This will be ââ¬âin sync with her outgoing personality and fulfill her ââ¬Ëneedââ¬â¢ to interact with people while not creating expectations/pressures in her profession. In the paper, it is obvious that many of the proposals, including meeting requests, being submitted are from with her network. Since most of these are being rejected and even though she is being very professional in rejecting these, it should be expected that some of these rejections are not well received. The negative reactions emanating from these may create stress for her and hamper her professional and personal life. â⬠¢She should also delegate the rejection letters to her subordinates as she seems to be spending too much time on them and this is taking away from her work time that may be detrimental for her career. â⬠¢Since, her current role is different from her past roles of being an entrepreneur/business developer there is limited need for keeping a very large network. How to cite Heidi Roizen, Essay examples
Monday, April 27, 2020
The Cause And Effect Of Human Error In Air Safety Essays
The Cause And Effect Of Human Error In Air Safety BACKGROUND PAPER ON THE CAUSE AND EFFECT OF HUMAN ERROR IN AIR SAFETY 1. On March 27 1977, an impatient pilot of a Boeing 747 failed to follow proper procedure and commenced a takeoff roll that collided with another B747; he killed 583 people. This incident, that took place in the Canary Islands, remains the world's deadliest air disaster (www:AirD). It also is a driving force to understand the ramifications of blatant human error and attempt to foresee and or prevent these types of accidents from happening in the future. The comprehensive study of the ?human factor?, in the history of air mishaps, can help reduce the loss of life and resources in the future of aviation. In this paper, I will present the mistakes made, the results of those mistakes and how they can be prevented. One of the toughest areas to deal with in the field of aviation mishaps is pilot error. 2. In the findings of many accident investigations, you will find in the sequence of events where the pilot/crew has made an error in judgment. These errors were proven to be the ultimate reason for the particular mishap. On 12 November 1996, a Kazakhstan Airlines Ilyushin II-76TD failed to maintain an assigned altitude. After being given instructions, by Air Traffic Control (ATC) to descend to 14000 feet, the pilot never leveled off and continued to descend. The Ilyushin then collided with a Saudi Arabian Airlines B747 that was climbing to 13000 feet; 349 people perished. It is the deadliest mid-air collision in aviation history. A pilot, not following ATC instructions, caused this mishap. The pilot of the Saudi B747 was defenseless. The outcome, of mishaps like these, has resulted in new equipment being required on all commercial airliners operated within the United States. That equipment is called TCAS (Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System). It is an airborne radar system that alerts pilots of unreported aircraft, and in some cases, gives the pilot instructions to avoid the conflicting aircraft. This system has also reduced the amount of mishaps caused by failure of the ATC system. 3. Albeit a rare occurrence, ATC error has played a part in its share of aviation mishaps. On 1 February 1991, an LAX local controller cleared a USAir Boeing 737 (B-737) to land on runway 24L. She also cleared a Skywest Metroliner to taxi into position and hold midpoint down the runway, with the intention of clearing it for takeoff before the USAir jet landed. The controller never cleared the Metroliner for takeoff and, at night, it was virtually invisible to the USAir crew. Unfortunately, it was also invisible to the local controller. As the B-737 touched down, the crew noticed the aircraft on the runway and attempted to avoid it. However, the B-737 was traveling 140 knots and was unable to veer off the runway in time. Both aircraft were a total loss and 34 people died (www:AirD). It was determined by the National Transportation and Safety Board, that the primary cause of this accident was ?The failure of the local controller to maintain an awareness of the traffic situation? (NTSB REPORT:AAR-91/08). This mishap led to sweeping changes in procedures used for intersection departures at night. It also fueled the need for all major airports to become equipped with airport surface detection equipment (ASDE). This ?ground radar? can now be found at virtually all major domestic airports; proof positive that something good can be the result of a breakdown in the ?system?. However, even when pilots make the right decisions and ATC is ?keepin' em' separated?, it still can't make up for the un-foreseen dangers. 4. On 11 May 1996, Valujet 592, a McDonald Douglas DC-9 was in straight and level flight. Having just departed from Miami International Airport, nearing a final cruising altitude of approximately 25000 feet, the DC-9 burst into flames and plunged to a watery grave in the south Florida Everglades. Improperly packed oxygen generators, in the class D cargo area, ignited leading to a fire that burned through control cables and filled the cabin with smoke. ValuJet maintenance contractor, SabreTech, was criminally charged and found liable for placing the canisters aboard the aircraft (www:AirD).
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