Research paper feelings repression through sex and other addictions

Feelings repression through sex and other addictions based on the love in the time of cholera. character analysis - Research Paper Example This particular work of Marquez has been declared an eccentric love story where the lovers unite at the end of novel around 51 years and 9 months later when they are in the last stage of their life. Florentino Ariza, the main character, has been portrayed as an obsessive lover who vows to stay faithful to Fermina Daza but indulges into a spree of sexual encounters with hundreds of women. This paper aims at proving that Florentino’s countless affairs were an escape route and his method of suppressing the repressed feelings and void that he felt after being rejected by Fermina. Love in the Time of Cholera’s story revolves around the couple Florentino Ariza and Fermina Daza who fall in love during their early teens but eventually get separated because Fermina choses to marry a more suitable match Dr. Juvenal Urbino (Pelayo 135). The backdrop of the setting and location has been kept a mystery in the novel and the only aspect that is revealed is that the country is plagued by Cholera. In this way, the author has compared love to a disease that like any other illness can have a drastic impact on an individual if the feelings are not welcomed and respected. Florentino Ariza can be easily categorized as a hypocrite and a liar since he vows for â€Å"eternal fidelity and everlasting love† to Fermina despite his countless affairs but actually he is a heart-broken man who sought to mend his heart through love (Marquez 50). Sex, in this novel, is not used in its erotic concept but symbolizes a medicine which Florentino used to overcome his pain that Fermina’s rejection and eventual marriage caused to him. It is the struggle to eliminate the feelings of void, loneliness, loss and pain that overcome the otherwise faithful and devoted personality of Florentino (Fahy 23). The treatment of love as a disease becomes clear when Florentino falls in love with Fermina and the symptoms of both the disease and love match. â€Å"His examination revealed th at he had no fever, no pain anywhere, and that his only concrete feeling was an urgent desire to die† and these were declared as† so much as the devastation of cholera† (Marquez 62). Here the term devastation is important to acknowledge since at another point later in the novel, Florentino states that he and Fermina fell into â€Å"devastating love† (Marquez 68). This shows the author’s intention of presenting love as a form of plague or disease which if not treated timely can produce unfavorable results or compel a person to behave in a drastic manner. When Marquez compares love with cholera, he attempted to present sex and addiction to love as a cure or healing mechanism for Florentino due to which he was able to survive (Koenig 131). Getting involved with other women was his way of taking refuge from the otherwise painful scenario where his love Fermina was enjoying a blissful married life with her husband while he had to suffer in solitude. The no vel Love in the Time of Cholera is set in an era when cholera was actually a â€Å"devastating disease that had no regard for color and background† (Panisset 125). Therefore, the similarity shared by love and a disease like cholera is explicitly narrated by Marquez. Just like Urbino was trying to find the cure for cholera in the same way Florentino’s obsession towards women shows his search for the cure of his heartache. Florentino is a character who is deeply in love with Ferm

Lets Be Lefties for a Day Essay Example for Free

Lets Be Lefties for a Day Essay Corporations must develop a plan to develop their employees to embrace cultural competency and value diversity. Promoting to understand cultural, ethnic and gender difference requires awareness and being sensitive to others needs in the workplace or patient population served in an organization. Employees should be culturally knowledgeable and be able to interpret the needs and disparities of a particular group or culture. Being able to interpret the health and disparities are keys elements to understand the health care practice. Health care organizations should encourage and promote individuals to engage cross culturally with other diverse backgrounds. Health care providers should be aware of selfcare remedies practices and health traditions of groups served in the clinic or hospital setting. To a be viewed as culturally competent the provider of care should possess the ability to integrate the skills, attitude and knowledge learned of other ethnic backgrounds. Applying the knowledge received is a strategic effort in respecting the cultural difference of others. Avoiding ethnocentric responses to care of the individual patient is a positive reaction of a culturally competent person. Keeping in mind that each patient is culturally unique. Cultural competence should address and accept gender difference among employees, health care team, patients, families, providers and the community. As a population we are diverse in many dimensions including diversity as being recognizable when it comes to gender, religion, race, weight, age, education, physical and mental abilities, sexual orientation, marital status, physical clothing appearance and job relevant abilities. Identifying potential similarities and differences of an organization or a community can help one to deliver competent service or promote relevant team building. In healthcare one example of a guide to assist in transforming is Transcultural Communication in Nursing (Munoz Luckman , 2005). A persons motive to categorize, encompassed with the need to dissect the person categorized, leads to stereotyping. To approach cultural knowledge from a particular viewpoint is inappropriate and can lead to stereotyping in the workplace. One can take explore their cultural value and beliefs related to the corporate environment or health care industry. Developing strategies to examine one’s cultural bias is a way to show sensitivity to others culture. Also establishing a basic understanding is another way to improve cultural knowledge along with taking advantage of creditable websites and reading research studies that describe cultural differences. In order to maintain relationships as a provider or in a corporate environment is relevant to ask a client what they need, what they expect to receive, and whether they have received, what they think will help the situation or make them feel better. Corporations must develop a plan to develop the knowledge, skills and sensitivities needed to work in a culturally –diverse population. Culturally diversity can complicate the delivery of care seen in the community and health disparities refer to inequalities and differences in health status and outcomes. Decisions in cultural diversity is lacking when you evaluate healthcare access to care in urban and rural areas. Lack of preventive screenings and completion of health indicators are seen in the general population and other social ethnic groups of the underserved and social economic lifestyle. Cultural competency is valuable because it facilitates positive experiences and development in team building by improving effiencicy and effectiveness in a health care organization. Training workers and reinforcing the Golden Rule â€Å"Do unto others as they would like done unto them†, is an important mission statement. Being able to effectively change is another component needed in an organization. New ways to creativity thinking about the world and learning about health and wellness for ourselves can positively penetrate the world around and ultimately impact diversity in organizations. American Academy of Ambulatory Nursing (AAACN 2006), pp.242-243 Tajfel, H. (1978). â€Å"Social Categorization, Social Identity and Social Comparison.† In H. Tajfel (Ed.), Differentiation Between Social Groups, London: Academic Press, pp. 61–76. Bell â€Å"Diversity in Organization† (2007) pp.62

Sustainability Issues In Civil Engineering Environmental Sciences Essay

Sustainability Issues In Civil Engineering Environmental Sciences Essay Sustainability is the prevention or reduction of the effect of environmental issues for humans to live a sustainable life and as part of the effort is to return human use of natural resources to a sustainable limit at which it can be replenished. The fact that sustainability issues affect the ways in which project are been chosen, planed, designed or implemented does not mean human life should be stagnant, rather, according to Mahri (2001), environmental issues needs to be put into consideration as a principal means of achieving sustainable development, also sustainable development enhances the quality of life This report shall put lights on a critical evaluation on current academic thinking as regards how sustainability issues can affect the way civil engineering projects are chosen, planned, designed and implemented. CHOSEN PROJECTS AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES Civil Engineering is the construction of systems that aim to improve life in different ways (Tavares, 1999). These are engineering field that brought about bridges, dams, roads, buildings, fabrications, etc. and these constructions have either a direct or indirect ways of polluting the environment during their construction processes. Like in the construction/fabrication of buoys, piles, vessels, where blasting and painting are carried out on-site, also hammering activities on-site, excavation and foundation works, transportation of raw materials, radiography (X-ray). All these processes affect the environment not alone but human lives such s waste generation requiring land storage, alteration of soil, emissions of substances into the atmosphere (e.g. grits and sand blasting operations) and water. However, according to Gangolelles et al., (2008), environment has been considered as among the project performance in construction organisations which environmental management system (EMS) h as been implemented to improve environmental performance. Constructions A sustainability issue of civil engineering structures has been a problem thatà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s been ongoing for the construction industry and society (Samir E.C., 2009). The construction industry in the UK is under increasing legal and commercial pressure to become more sustainable (Ian Holton, Jacqui Glass, Andrew, D.F. Price, 2010). Roome Cited in Ian Holton, Jacqui Glass, Andrew, D.F. Price, (2010), and it states that managing sustainability aim is for a strategic development and changes in organizations. Acording to Smith (1991) cited in Yip (2000), the construction industry is accountable for 50% of Co2 emitted worldwide through the utilization of fossil fuel which results to a quarter of green house gases. UK contributes 55% of Co2 to the total gas emitted (Ghanbari Parsa and Akhavan Farshchi, 1996). Also, occupants of buildings contribute to Co2 emission this is due to the heating and cooling systems. By estimate it has been observed that 78% of UK houses us e natural gas for heating of their buildings while few uses electricity (Lowe 2004). According to Olgyay and Herdt, (2004), three-quarter of this energy is obtained from fossil fuels. Most countries are not sustainable as far as fossil fuel management is concerned (V.S. Ediger et al., 2007) Oil and Gas Industries The oil and gas industries like the Upstream and Down-stream sector cause water, noise and air pollution. They bring about negative effects such as damage to agriculture, landscape and forestry, contamination of water or seas and all these effects bring human and organisms to an unsustainable life. According to Akeredolu F.A. and Sonibare J.A (2004), Flaring is a universal means of discarding flammable waste gases in the upstream oil, gas, downstream refining and chemical processing industries and flare is an open-air flame that is exposed to the weather elements, particularly winds. Flaring of associated gas from oil exploration has a number of consequences on the environment. (Elisha J.D., Leonard S.B and Tano D.A., 2008). Nigeria tops the list of ten countries responsible for 75% of gas flaring emissions in the world. According to World bank cited in Elisha J.D., Leonard S.B and Tano D.A., (2008), Nigeria flares 16% of the total associated gas which is the highest amount by any co untry in the world. This has affected the growth and development of crops especially cassava plant in the Niger Delta, Nigeria and made food very expensive in that part, this has also result in conflicts between local community, Government and oil companies, which have made companies relocate back to some other countries like Angola. Construction The constructions of bridges, roads and highway cause air, noise and water pollution because some techniques used during construction like blasting, have been found to affect human health and could also lead to destruction of property within the area of construction. (Ozer, 2008). By and large, construction projects diminish land in form of landfill waste and space aquired by the project. Previous studies have shown possibilities of construction waste contributing to more than half of UKà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s landfill waste (Ferguson et al., 1995 cited in Faniran and Caban, 1998). Related studies have also shown the following percentages of construction waste in landfills: 19% in Germany (Brooks et al., 1994 cited Faniran and Caban, 1998), 26% in Netherlands (Lanting, 1993 cited Faniran and Caban, 1998) and 13% à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 15% in Finland (Heino, 1994 cited Faniran and Caban, 1998). PROJECT PLANNING AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES After the hurdle of project selection and its sustainability issues, then next is project planning. Environmental management plan, contingency plans and equipment that is to be used to carryout a specific work on all construction contract should be specified, in order to have a friendly environment.(Pun et al., 2001). A project is said to be unique when it has a proper budget in place and realistic delivery time. It has been described by Coventry et al., (2001 cited in Dainty and Brooke, 2004) that studies have shown that construction wastes are associated to design changes. Also, inadequate funds and timing of project finish date tends to encourage wasting and destruction of materials, thus generating waste on construction site which could also be a hazard to human life. Adequate control measure should be in place on material control, so that during material order, the required quantity needed should be ordered and ensure its delivered as at when due, this will reduce the long storage and improper handling of materials and condole waste generation on site (Dainty and Brooke, 2004). Equipments and operations that generate noise pollution should be well controlled and noise monitoring should also be introduced. There are measures which exist in some countries; most of them which are governmental form of laws, to control noise generated industrial operations. This form of law is to regulate the usage of machineries with high noise level to operate at a favorable time (Yip, 2000). Also reduction of personnel at workplace exposure limit should be a perfect way to reduce the impact of noise on human. PROJECT DESIGN AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES Building and Transportation Infrastructure Designs Buildings should be approached with a system and process which will apply and integrate essential values into building performance. Thus, construction projects should best be determined at the design and planning stage (Leaman et al., 2001; Mohsini, 1989 cited in Pheng et al., 2008). Future impacts on environment and habitants should be put into consideration when designing buildings. Moreover, things like energy consumption which in future has effect on vision, acoustics and air quality and lead to health issues and other unsustainable issues that might even lead to low productivity at work place when absenteeism has become rampant. General lightening and improper citing of openings in buildings, environments where contaminant-producing machines are cited close to occupants brings low quality air and poor vision from the lightening (Pheng et al., 2008). Analysis during the last 7 years on environmental impact on residence carried out by Adalberth et al., cited in Oscar ortiz, France sc castells and Guido sonnemann, (2009), on Life Circle Assessment, shows that the factors with the greatest environmental impact was electricity which occurs when its on use. Studies have shown that buildings designed and constructed with insulation on both roof and help enormously to reduce heat loss, hence carbon dioxide emissions are reduced. It was confirmed by Shorrock and Utley (2003 cited in Lowe, 2007) that there was a 40% reduction of heat loss in UK buildings in 2001 as an outcome of roof insulation. Sustainability of Construction Materials and Designs Sustainability of Civil Engineering structures has been an ongoing issue in the construction sector and the society in whole. Materials used for construction also have sustainable issues with the way construction projects are designed, most of the materials use up energy when in the manufacturing stage or transporting materials to site. Materials like cement, steel and concrete, aluminium require much energy during their manufacturing and transportation phase (Morel et al., 2000; Pearlmutter et al., 2007). However, the durability of materials should also be considered in the design phase, according to Samir E. Chidiac, (2009), described the durability of concrete in particular to depend on the qualities of material, design, construction and condition its been subjected to during and after its manufacture. Therefore, in selecting construction materials, lifespan of the material should be highly considered because a good combination material having a high lifespan makes projects last long and brings its maintenance and demolition rate low. As described by Morel et al., (2007), stones masonry and concrete buildings have lifespan of 200 and 100 years respectively. A Life Cycle Assessment done on steel bridges by Widman (1998) revealed a high emission of carbon dioxide due to steel and cement production. The changing of roads to railways, efficient use of coke and coal in steel production and the use of bioà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬fuels by vehicles is thus suggested. PROJECT IMPLIMENTATION AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES Implementation is a phase in projects where all planned activities is brought into play. However, material loss in building industry is always seen as normal, and according to McGrath and Anderson, (2000) cited in Dainty and Brooke, (2004), wastage rate in site construction is from 10% to 15%. According to Hore, et al.,(1997) cited in Ajayi, et al., (2008), for every 100 houses built there is enough waste material to build another 10 houses. Similarly Akinpelu (2007) cited in Ajayi, (2008), which is of the view that on most capital projects resources from which waste is generated, account for more than 60% of their production costs. Most construction waste are drain into landfills which increases the burden on landfill and operation, also result in soil and water pollution which are source of environmental hazards. Proper and effective way of curtailing this is to ensure a construction waste management is implemented and possibly a landfill tax imposed also. The reduction and recycling of waste yields to increase in lifetime landfills and exploitation of natural resources use in material manufacture (Ajayi, et al., 2008). CONCLUSION After thorough analysis on how sustainability issues affect project, it was observed that civil engineering projects do more harm by making human leave unsustainable lives and deplete the environment. Much work had been done on civil construction projects and emphasis has been more on the design stage because it describes what the project would look in future.

Cubas Economic and Political Instability Essay examples -- History Ec

Cuba's Economic and Political Instability Cuba’s political instability and sugar-centered economy were the result of U.S. influence through the Platt Amendment and the various Sugar Acts and reciprocity treaties. Marifeli Perez-Stable takes this stance in her book The Cuban Revolution: Origins, Course, and Legacy in her interpretation of Cuban radical nationalism in the 1950’s. The domination of Cuba’s economy by the sugar industry was responsible for much of its wealth but also a great deal of its problems. While the sugar industry generally remained a profitable enterprise in the first half of the 20th Century, Cuba’s growth was hindered by her dependence on it. It fostered unemployment or underemployment, the standard of living was unable to rise, and attempts at diversification of the economy were unsuccessful. Yet without the income and investment sugar brought into Cuba, the economy would collapse. This is what Perez-Stable terms ‘the sugar conundrum’. The United States was the main market for Cuban sugar, and its trade policy perpetuated ‘the sugar conundrum’, discouraging diversification in agriculture or manufacturing. The influence of the United States in the political affairs of Cuba is a vital part of Perez-Stable’s interpretation. There was a constant need to negotiate with the United States to preserve Cuba’s preferred sugar trading status, and decisions made by the U.S. were of critical economic importance to Cubans. Therefore, even after Roosevelt abrogated the Platt Amendment in 1934, the wishes of the U.S. government were more influential than what was in the best interests of Cuba. For instance, corruption became rampant as the most honest of all Cuban political groups, the communists, lost political clou... ...n the words of Marti, that "The only fruitful and lasting peace and freedom are those accomplished by one’s own effort" (Manifesto, 130). References Castro, Fidel. "History Will Absolve Me", excerpt from The U.S., Cuba and the Cold War: American Failure or Communist Conspiracy? Ed. L. Langley, Lexington Mass, 1970. 26th of July Movement, "Program Manifesto of the 26th of July Movement", in Cuba in Revolution ed. R. Bonachea and Nelson Valdes, Garden City NJ, 1972. Guevara, Ernesto Che. "One Year of Armed Struggle", from Reminiscences of the Cuban Revolutionary War, trans. Victor Ortiz, New York: Monthly Review Press, 1968. Perez-Stable, Marifeli. The Cuban Revolution: Origins, Course, and Legacy. Oxford University Press, NY 1993. Paterson, Thomas G. Contesting Castro: The U.S. and the Triumph of the Cuban Revolution. Oxford University Press, NY 1994.

A Reaction on Aliens’ Ownership Right of Real Property in the Philippines Essay

A Reaction on Aliens’ Ownership Right of Real Property in the Philippines â€Å"Ang Pilipinas ay para sa mga Pilipino.† (â€Å"The Philippines is for the Filipinos†) Does it sound patriotic or nationalistic? Or does it pertain to selfish motives or mercenary actions? It is a fact that many aliens have been invading to the Philippines. Yes, they are aliens the non-Philippine nationals or foreigners. Most of them are fascinated and attracted to the beautiful sceneries around the Philippine archipelago. Others also pursue their business careers in the country, they are the investors, and the business oriented people who wish to put up their capitals and trade whether in a form of sole proprietorship, partnership or corporation. The aliens are granted the right to acquire a land or real property (immovable property) provided that they will consider the provisions under the Philippine Anti-Dummy Law the limitations on certain economic activity including the enjoyment of rights. In line with the Condominium Act of the Philippines, Republic Act 4726, the aliens are given the right to completely own a condominium unit but when it comes to project, the corporation must be composed of only 40%foreign investors. On the other hand, under the Investor’s Lease Act of the Philippines, foreign nationals or corporation may enter into lease agreement with Filipino landowners for an initial period of fifty years and a renewable extension of 25 years. As we try to comprehend to the law, it is really pro-Filipino. We noticed that the there are only 40% foreign investors or the stockholders and the 60% come from Filipinos. It’s also obvious that the aliens are prohibited to completely possess lands which are really in accordance to Article XII, Section 7 of the Philippine Constitution. Talking about the 40% foreign capitalists and investors, the Philippine  government can gain taxes from them which in turn can be used to accommodate common good for the Filipinos. The issue on Priority Development Assistance Fund (PDAF) or prominently called pork barrel barges in. That huge amount of money came from the taxpayers, both the Philippine nationals and non-Philippine nationals. But due to institutionalized corruption, the money which is intended for the people in the society are being stole by some of the national officials. This is another dilemma that the Philippine government should take into consideration and action. Back to the issue on aliens, the mediocre are skeptical whether the foreigners are given the right to fully own resources in the country or not. This is to clarify that they are not given the full authority; they are just given the opportunity to get into the business world which in turn both the aliens the Filipinos can gain something. It does not mean that though they have been advancing to the country, they steal what’s ours. There are laws for them to follow, thus, there’s no way for us to worry. The law has been already promulgated. All we can do is to deal with it, just no racial deviation, just focus for the common good of all Filipinos. The aliens are striving for their benefits, the same way should we act for ourselves. Let’s do our part and adhere to our virtues as we keep burning the Filipino spirit!

The Jack Roller

Peter Wilke Professor Callais Analysis Paper February 11, 2013 The Jack Roller In the book The Jack Roller author Clifford Shaw is a criminologist who has researched many different youthful deviants to see exactly when the deviance begins and how it evolves. The book dives deep into the mind of a particular case of a boy named Stanley in Chicago during the 1920’s. From the beginning of the book Stanley is abused by his stepmother often being set aside so she could tend to here actual children. I believe this book is most accurately depicts the social learning theory.Stanley has been exposed to a multitude of positive outlooks of crime from his family and friends at an extremely young age. I support the blank slate theory because in the very beginning of the book Stanley’s stepmother encourages him to act in deviant behavior. â€Å"One day my stepmother told William to take me to the railroad yard to break into box-cars. † (52-53). So Stanley has been taken under the wing of his step-brother who is stealing stuff for there stepmother, in return they are rewarded for stealing. This is a perfect example of an exposing Stanley to a positive outlook on crime.With this happening it kick started Stanley’s deviant behavior he began stealing for fun for many years, constantly being picked up by the police and taken to detentions homes which were not much of a punishment for him. Stanley enjoyed being in the detention home more than his real home so the consequence for his criminal behavior almost was a reward for him. In the detention home, Stanley was able to meet other criminal that furthermore gave him positive reinforcement of crime, â€Å"I was really awed by the bravery and wisdom of the older crooks. Their stories of adventure fascinated my childish imagination, and I felt drawn to them. (57). These criminal that Stanley met inspired him; they gave him someone to look up to, someone that he could aspire to be through crime. After bein g released Stanley was picked up by his step mother only to run away yet again to survive a couple days then be picked up by the police on the street. This process happened a multitude of times until eventually he was sent to the St. Charles School for Boys. â€Å"The strict discipline, hard punishment, no recreation, fear, and unfair breaks made life miserable. † (68). St. Charles was the first negative consequence for his crimes.Stanley was absolutely miserable there and yearned to get out just to go back to stealing. In observing this book you realize that all Stanley knows is crime, he frequently is in and out of a job, and keeps one for rarely over a month. Stanley knows nothing but crime it has been engraved into his â€Å"clean slate†, and he has learned how to survive off of it. After serving 16 months Stanley was released for St. Charles only to be arrested not soon after and return back to St. Charles for another month. After being released Stanley makes some what of an attempt at earning his money honestly and goes though a multitude of jobs.He starts out living with this stepsister, only to be kicked out because of missing rent. He then meets a very friendly woman who takes him into her homes and lets him live. Stanley enjoys the company of this woman and uses her as somewhat of an emotional release, â€Å"This time I was not afraid, but felt a wave of depression and sadness come over me, because a woman was offering me sympathy; something I had never received before. † (76). Stanley lived with this woman for about a month soon to find out she was a prostitute, although he was shocked he did not condemn her for it and Stanley understood.He still left her to go to the YMCA only to return to the detention home. The interaction with Stanley and the prostitute enforces the social learning theory because it is exposing Stanley to his first mother figure that is a criminal. The only positive female influence in his entire life makes h er living based off of crime; one could see how this could impact such an impressionable youthful mind. Eventually the vice president of a company he worked for took in Stanley, the man had no children and was very wealthy.Stanley enjoyed living with him and his wife but yearned for the freedom of his city, and at the first opportunity gather up his money and ran away. After this Stanley began to become involved in much more elaborate burglaries and â€Å" Jack Rolling†, he became with a â€Å"gang† of other boys and was making a large amount of money robbing and stealing. â€Å"So we plied our trade with a howling success for two months. Sometimes we made as much as two hundred dollars in a single day. † (97), this expressed an enormous positive reinforcement of crime to Stanley.Stanley has never made this type of money in his life before, it is much more fun and easier in his opinion than working a job and you can make much more than a job. In this book I beli eve Stanley was raised on a life of crime, nearly everything he was exposed to provided a positive outlook on this crime. He simply never was exposed to any real punishment before it was to late. All of the friendly people he met were criminals, such as the prostitute and his gang, he made a large amount of money â€Å"jack rolling†, and he enjoyed the ego from his criminal record with all the respect it earned him from the youth.The social learning theory supports Stanley’s case because his family, peers, school, and his environment all directed him into a life of crime. The other possible theory I could see one choosing would be the control theory, assuming that people are naturally inclined to commit crime could seem like it could fit Stanley’s case. The reason I did not choose it is because the environment that Stanley was in I feel created him. His stepmother, his siblings and stepsiblings, the detention home, his gang, and people such as the prostitute all impacted his deviant life an extreme amount. The Jack Roller Peter Wilke Professor Callais Analysis Paper February 11, 2013 The Jack Roller In the book The Jack Roller author Clifford Shaw is a criminologist who has researched many different youthful deviants to see exactly when the deviance begins and how it evolves. The book dives deep into the mind of a particular case of a boy named Stanley in Chicago during the 1920’s. From the beginning of the book Stanley is abused by his stepmother often being set aside so she could tend to here actual children. I believe this book is most accurately depicts the social learning theory.Stanley has been exposed to a multitude of positive outlooks of crime from his family and friends at an extremely young age. I support the blank slate theory because in the very beginning of the book Stanley’s stepmother encourages him to act in deviant behavior. â€Å"One day my stepmother told William to take me to the railroad yard to break into box-cars. † (52-53). So Stanley has been taken under the wing of his step-brother who is stealing stuff for there stepmother, in return they are rewarded for stealing. This is a perfect example of an exposing Stanley to a positive outlook on crime.With this happening it kick started Stanley’s deviant behavior he began stealing for fun for many years, constantly being picked up by the police and taken to detentions homes which were not much of a punishment for him. Stanley enjoyed being in the detention home more than his real home so the consequence for his criminal behavior almost was a reward for him. In the detention home, Stanley was able to meet other criminal that furthermore gave him positive reinforcement of crime, â€Å"I was really awed by the bravery and wisdom of the older crooks. Their stories of adventure fascinated my childish imagination, and I felt drawn to them. (57). These criminal that Stanley met inspired him; they gave him someone to look up to, someone that he could aspire to be through crime. After bein g released Stanley was picked up by his step mother only to run away yet again to survive a couple days then be picked up by the police on the street. This process happened a multitude of times until eventually he was sent to the St. Charles School for Boys. â€Å"The strict discipline, hard punishment, no recreation, fear, and unfair breaks made life miserable. † (68). St. Charles was the first negative consequence for his crimes.Stanley was absolutely miserable there and yearned to get out just to go back to stealing. In observing this book you realize that all Stanley knows is crime, he frequently is in and out of a job, and keeps one for rarely over a month. Stanley knows nothing but crime it has been engraved into his â€Å"clean slate†, and he has learned how to survive off of it. After serving 16 months Stanley was released for St. Charles only to be arrested not soon after and return back to St. Charles for another month. After being released Stanley makes some what of an attempt at earning his money honestly and goes though a multitude of jobs.He starts out living with this stepsister, only to be kicked out because of missing rent. He then meets a very friendly woman who takes him into her homes and lets him live. Stanley enjoys the company of this woman and uses her as somewhat of an emotional release, â€Å"This time I was not afraid, but felt a wave of depression and sadness come over me, because a woman was offering me sympathy; something I had never received before. † (76). Stanley lived with this woman for about a month soon to find out she was a prostitute, although he was shocked he did not condemn her for it and Stanley understood.He still left her to go to the YMCA only to return to the detention home. The interaction with Stanley and the prostitute enforces the social learning theory because it is exposing Stanley to his first mother figure that is a criminal. The only positive female influence in his entire life makes h er living based off of crime; one could see how this could impact such an impressionable youthful mind. Eventually the vice president of a company he worked for took in Stanley, the man had no children and was very wealthy.Stanley enjoyed living with him and his wife but yearned for the freedom of his city, and at the first opportunity gather up his money and ran away. After this Stanley began to become involved in much more elaborate burglaries and â€Å" Jack Rolling†, he became with a â€Å"gang† of other boys and was making a large amount of money robbing and stealing. â€Å"So we plied our trade with a howling success for two months. Sometimes we made as much as two hundred dollars in a single day. † (97), this expressed an enormous positive reinforcement of crime to Stanley.Stanley has never made this type of money in his life before, it is much more fun and easier in his opinion than working a job and you can make much more than a job. In this book I beli eve Stanley was raised on a life of crime, nearly everything he was exposed to provided a positive outlook on this crime. He simply never was exposed to any real punishment before it was to late. All of the friendly people he met were criminals, such as the prostitute and his gang, he made a large amount of money â€Å"jack rolling†, and he enjoyed the ego from his criminal record with all the respect it earned him from the youth.The social learning theory supports Stanley’s case because his family, peers, school, and his environment all directed him into a life of crime. The other possible theory I could see one choosing would be the control theory, assuming that people are naturally inclined to commit crime could seem like it could fit Stanley’s case. The reason I did not choose it is because the environment that Stanley was in I feel created him. His stepmother, his siblings and stepsiblings, the detention home, his gang, and people such as the prostitute all impacted his deviant life an extreme amount.