Affection Of Different Identity Categories Essay

Affection Of Different Identity Categories - Essay Example The development of gender relies on the sex of an individual, and it exaggerates the difference between being either a girl or boy. It is influenced by societal beliefs and cultural practices. People are grouped to be either masculine or feminine in this category. Gender dictates what should be done and by who in the society. They are socialized to acquire traditions and values that that will make him or her to fit in the society. They grow holding the traditions of the community that surface later on in their adulthood. This socialization promotes gender disparity in the society. One grows entirely trying to meet the expectations the community has for them. The girl child is socialized to be like her mother. When young she gets associated with various responsibilities that make her learn the difference between her and boys. She starts imitating what her mother does like cooking, playing with dolls, and also cleaning. She grows knowing that women have the responsibility to prepare, t aking care of the kids, aged the sick, cleaning and mainly doing the domestic chores. One becomes an adult knowing that their place is at home and not in the public sphere. Gender determines the courses that we do in schools and also the jobs to do. Gender stereotypes male child. Boys are said to take part in courses such as mathematics and also medicine field while girls who viewed to be feminine are supposed to do social sciences. It further affects the level of employment for women since they cannot freely choose their career.  

Malcolm X and Julius Caesar Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Malcolm X and Julius Caesar - Assignment Example His father, also called Gaius Julius Caesar, was governor of the province of Asia while his mother, Aurelia Cotta, was from an influential family (Fuller 9). He got the privileged education and as a child, under his father’s watchful eye he would drive a goat chariot, pretending to be a triumphant general, perhaps an early pointer to the triumphs that would later define his adult life. Rome was ruled by such families and from an early age, the young Caesar could have been indoctrinated with the idea that his role in life was to pursue the highest political ambitions and carry on the family name. Malcolm X – born Malcolm Little – on the other hand, was born into a family on the lower ranks of the socioeconomic spectrum. His mother, Louise Norton Little, was a housewife who spent her time taking care of the family’s eight children while his father was a Baptist pastor and civil rights protester. The young Malcolm, therefore, did not have a cozy childhood the which Caesar had. One begins to see how these two men would grow to embrace the causes and have the approaches to life around them that they had in their later lives – one seeking to conquer and the other seeking to be free. Events, however, begin to shape these two lives that started out so different towards a common destiny of greatness. Both Ceasar and Malcolm X grew up in turbulent environments. The background would help give them the steely determination and ruthless ambition which they would later use to advance their respective causes. Caesar’s formative years were a time of turmoil in the Roman Republic; there were several wars from 91 BC to 82 BC. Roman politics was highly polarized. Caesar’s father suddenly died when the young Caesar was in his teens and was forced to be head of the family. He needed a guide and someone to protect him, especially from the then dictator, Lucius Cornelius Sulla, who did not like the Caesar family. He found this in the p erson of his distinguished uncle, Gaius Marius, who had achieved a position of immense importance in Roman politics and warfare. Marius was regarded as a champion of the underprivileged of Italy and with his guidance Caesar became a confident young man (Fuller 15). From around 82 BC to 80 BC, though, the dictator, Sulla, began to rid Rome of his enemies and Caesar was among the individuals targeted. Marius had died by now and Caesar was left vulnerable to Sulla’s reign of terror. The environment was so hostile, and he fled Rome to Asia Minor. Malcolm X, too, grew up in a particularly hostile environment. It was at a time when racial discrimination was at its height. His father’s civil rights activism encouraged death intimidation from the white supremacist group, Black Legion, making them migrate twice before Malcolm’s fourth birthday (Biography 1). It is noted in his biography on his official website that in 1929, Malcolm's family home in Michigan was burned by arsonists, and two years later â€Å"†¦Earl’s body was found lying across the town’s trolley tracks† (1). Malcolm and his other siblings were split up amongst various foster homes and orphanages. Hostility would remain with both Malcolm and Caesar even in their adult lives as public figures and eventually lead to their assassination.  Ã‚  

The use of Key Performance Indicators

The use of Key Performance Indicators Many companies are operating with the wrong actions, many of which are wrongly termed key performance indicators (KPIs). Only some organizations supervise their true KPIs.. The types of performance:- Key result indicators (KRIs) inform you how you have done in a viewpoint or critical success feature, Result indicators (RIs) tell you what you have done, Performance indicators (PIs) tell you what to do, KPIs tell you what to do to increase performance dramatically. Many performance measures used by organizations are thus an inappropriate mix of these three types. Onion analogies are used to depict the link of the three measures. We get more information as we strip the layers off the onion. The layers characterize a variety of performance indicators, and the core, the key performance indicators. 1.2 Key Result Indicators What are KRIs? KRIs are measures that often have been mistaken for KPIs. They include: Customer satisfaction, Net profit before tax, . The frequent feature of these measures is that they are the result of many actions. They provide an understandable image of whether you are going in the right direction.Neverthless you is not told what must be done to improve these results. Therefore, the information available by KRIs is best for the board (i.e., those individual who are not concerned with the day-to-day management.)Usually KRIs cover a longer time period than KPIs; they are evaluated on monthly/quarterly cycles, not on a daily/ weekly basis such as KPIs. Separating KRIs from other measures has an intense force on reporting, resulting in a partition of performance measures into those impacting governance and those impacting management. An organization must have a governance report (preferably in a dashboard system), containing of up to 10 procedures giving high-level KRIs. 1.3 Performance and Result Indicators The 80 or so performance measures that lie between the KRIs and the KPIs are the performance and result indicators (PIs and RIs). The performance indicators, while important, are not key to the business. The PIs help teams to align themselves with their organizations strategy. PIs are non-financial and complement the KPIs; they are shown with KPIs on the scorecard for each organization, team, division and department. Performance indicators that trigger KRIs could include: An increase in the percentage of sales with top 10% of customers, Customer complaints from key customers, Late deliveries to key customers. The RIs abridge action, and all economic performance measures are RIs (e.g., daily or weekly sales analysis is a very useful summary, but it is the outcome of the hard work of many teams). We must look at the performance that created sales (outcome) to understand completely what to increase or decrease. Outcome indicators that cause KRIs could include: Net profit on key product lines, Sales made yesterday, Complaints from key customers. 1.4 Key Performance Indicators KPIs stand for a set of method focusing on those aspects of organizational performance that are the most important for the current and future achievement of the organization. KPIs are rarely new to the organization. 1.4.1 Seven Characteristics of KPIs Mr. David Parmenter KPI workshops has done extensive analysis and discussions with over 3,000 participants, which has covered nearly every organization types in the private and public sectors, he has been able to identify the seven characteristics of KPIs. KPIs: Are nonfinancial measures (e.g., not expressed in dollars, yen, pounds, euros, etc.), Are measured regularly (e.g., 24/7, daily, or weekly), Are acted on by the CEO and senior management team (e.g., CEO calls relevant staff to enquire what is going on), visibly specify what action is necessary by staff (e.g., staff can be aware of the measures and know what to put right), Are measures that fix task down to a team (e.g., CEO can call a team leader who can take the required act), Have an important impact (e.g., affect one or more of the critical success factors [CSFs] and more than one BSC perspective), They promote appropriate action (e.g., have been experienced to certify they have a positive impact on performance, whereas poorly thought-through measures can lead to dysfunctional behaviour). Once a dollar sign is put on a measure, it has already converted into a result indicator (e.g., daily sales are an outcome of activities that have taken place to create the sales). The KPI lies deeper down. KPIs should be monitored 24/7, daily, or perhaps weekly for some. KPIs must be supervised 24/7, daily, or possibly weekly for some. A KPI is deep enough in the organization that it can be attached to a team. In other words, the CEO can call someone and ask why. Return on capital employed has never been a KPI, as it cannot be attached to a manager-it is an outcome of many activities under diverse managers. 1.5 Difference between KRIs and KPIs Frequently their is one question that comes forward time and time again: What is the difference between KRIs and KPIs, and RIs and PIs? A cars speedometer provides a useful analogy to show the difference between a result indicator and a performance indicator. The speed the car is travelling is a result indicator, since the cars speed is a combination of what gear the car is in and how many revolutions per minute the engine is doing. Performance indicators might be how efficiently the car is being driven (e.g., a gauge showing how many miles per gallon), or how hot the engine is running (e.g., a temperature gauge). KRIs KPIs Can be financial and non financial Non financial measures Measures mainly monthly or quarterly Measures daily or weakly As a summary of progress in an organizations critical success factor, it is perfect for reporting progress to a board Acted on by the CEO and senior management team It does not help staff or management because nowhere does it tell what you need to fix All staff understand the measure and what corrective action is required Commonly, the only person responsible for a KRI is the CEO Responsibility can be tied down to the individual or team A KRI is designed to summarize activity within one CSF Significant impact (e.g., it impacts on more than one of top CSFs and more than one balanced scorecard perspective) A KRI is a result of many activities managed through variety of performance measures Has a positive impact (e.g., affects all other performance measures in a positive way) Normally reported by way of a trend graph covering at least the last 15 months of activity Normally reported by way of an intranet screen indicating activity, person responsible, past history, so a meaningful phone call can be made RIs PIs Can be financial and nonfinancial Nonfinancial measures (not expressed in dollars, yen, pounds, euros, etc.) Measured daily, weekly, fortnightly, monthly, or sometimes quarterly Same Cannot be tied to a discrete activity Tied to a discrete activity and thus to a team Does not tell you what you need to do more or less of All staff understand what action is required to improve PI Designed to summarize some activity within a CSF/SF Specific activity impacts on one of the CSFs/SFs Result of more than one activity Focuses on a specific activity Normally reported in a team scorecard Same 1.6 Management Models that Have a Profound Impact on KPIs The groundbreaking work of Kaplan and Norton (3) brought to managements attention the fact that performance needed to be measured in a more holistic way. Kaplan and Norton came up with four perspectives: Financial, Customer, Internal Process, and Learning and Growth. But two more perspectives need to be added. Employee Satisfaction is far too important to be relegated to a subsection within internal process. Informed directors know that happy staffs make happy customers who make happy shareholders. The measure employee satisfaction must be more sophisticated than a customer satisfaction survey every blue moon. The Environment and Community perspective has been managed brilliantly by some leading CEOs. Measurement in this area looks at increasing public awareness about being an employee of first choice, staff learning new skills through doing voluntary work in the community, reducing costs through minimizing waste, creating positive press, and increasing higher staff morale by implementing green initiatives. Leading CEOs intuitively work in this area. They realize that the community is the source of your current and future employees and customers. Kaplan and Nortons later work on strategic mapping(4) also alludes to the importance of employee sati sfaction and the environment/community perspectives. This modification is important because it means the BSC now incorporates all triple- bottom-line issues. 1.7 Definition Performance measure:- The term performance measure refers to an indicator used by management to measure, report, and improve performance. Performance measures are classed as key result indicators, result indicators, performance indicators, or key performance indicators. Critical success factors (CSFs):- CSFs are the list of issues or aspects of organizational performance that determine ongoing health, vitality, and wellbeing. Normally there are between five and eight CSFs in any organization. Success factors:- A list of 30 or so issues or aspects of organizational performance that management knows are important in order to perform well in any given sector/ industry. Some of these success factors are much more important; these are known as critical success factors. Balanced scorecard:- A term first introduced by Kaplan and Norton describing how you need to measure performance in a more holistic way. You need to see an organizations performance in a number of different perspectives. Senior management team (SMT):- The team comprised of the CEO and all direct reports. 1.8 Notes 1. Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton, The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1996). 2. Jeremy Hope and Robin Fraser, Beyond Budgeting: How Managers Can Break Free from the Annual Performance Trap (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2003). 3. Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton, The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1996).

Defined Marketing

Many people incorrectly believe that marketing and advertising are the same. From an organizational point of view, marketing is the process of determining the needs and wants of consumers, as well as profitable providing consumers with goods and services they are looking for, or even overcome their expectations. Marketing activity needs to ensure that the products are provided to users in places where they want them, and at the price they are willing to pay, and that information is provided directly by users. This paper will provide several definitions of marketing and explain its importance in organizational success, supported by examples from the business world. Dr. Philip Kotler defines marketing as â€Å"the science and art of exploring, creating, and delivering value to satisfy the needs of a target market at a profit. Marketing identifies unfulfilled needs and desires. It defines, measures and quantifies the size of the identified market and the profit potential. It pinpoints which segments the company is capable of serving best and it designs and promotes the appropriate products and services (Kotler, 2012)†. According to Kotler, marketing is also a social and managerial process by which individuals and groups – through creating, offering and exchanging products of value with others, are getting what they need or what they want. Peter Drucker wrote the following: â€Å"Because the purpose of business is to create and keep a customer, the business enterprise has two, and only two, basic functions: marketing and innovation. Marketing and innovation produce results; all the rest are costs. Marketing is the distinguishing, unique function of the business (Drucker, 1973). Marketing plays a central role in achieving organizational success, because it talks about creating and retaining customers. For this reason, companies are focused on marketing, recognizing the importance of building relationships with customers by providing customer satisfaction, and the importance of attracting new customers by creating additional value. Gronroos, in his definition of marketing, emphasizes the importance of building relationships, in which he said that the goal of marketing is to stablish, develop and commercialize long-term relationships with our customers, so that the objectives of stakeholders are met (1999, Gronroos). Since the majority of the market is characterized by fierce competition, this statement indicates a need to monitor and understand the competition, as rivals are those that will turn customers when their needs are not being met. In the exciting world of business, successes and failures are common. Marketing is the essence of all the changes, and it is often the decisive factor in their outcome. This is because the focus is on the customers and their changing needs. Successful organizations are those that are able, not only to get new customers, but also to retain them, by always meeting their changing needs. The company's activities are both reflected and shaped the world in which we live. Almost every year there is a new product or service that fully occupies the attention of the market and makes a great success. Companies are responding to customer needs by proposing that value by providing number of benefits that are offered to customers to meet their needs. Value of the intangible becomes physical, the proposal that may be a combination of products, services, information, and experiences. Brand represents an offer from a known source. Name brand, like McDonald's raises many associations with people: hamburgers, fun, children, fast food, coziness, and so on. These associations make up the brand image. All the companies are struggling to build a powerful brand – to be strong, popular and unique. The essence of the brand is to emotionally connect with consumers and achieve lasting impressions. It should be summed up in a few words, a simple statement that defines the quality, character and uniqueness of the brand. For example, Hallmark sums up the essence of their brand through two words â€Å"enriching lives,† and those two words are the basis for everything in Hallmark, the greeting card design, product development through customer service, merchandising, in-store communications and advertising, and to create a positive working environment for their employment. Hallmark brand essence permeates every aspect of the company and its operations. If we ask marketing and advertising experts around the world, what is the secret of Apple’s success, the answer would always be the same: It's all about the brand. Apple's success owes little to innovative products such as the iPhone, iPad or iPod. The key to their success is the brand that they created. It is no coincidence that during the '80s and '90s, executive marketing director and CEO of Apple, was the former CEO of Pepsi, John Sculley. It is he who, with the vision and energy of Steve Jobs, is responsible for the tectonic shift in the perception of marketing personal computers, which was created using the marketing strategy that was used in the war with Coca-Cola. That strategy has turned Apple into the largest computer company today. â€Å"People talk about technology, but Apple was a marketing company,† Sculley told the Guardian newspaper in 1997. â€Å"It was the marketing company of the decade (Kahney, 2002)†. The company that is aware of the barely noticeable changes that are taking place every day in the market has an advantage over a company that ignores those changes. The ability to anticipate future needs and to respond appropriately is a challenge that is always present in the marketing strategy of any organization. Despite the long tradition, there are no guarantees that all organizations will adopt marketing orientation. Companies that are marketing oriented, primarily focus on customer needs. The changes are seen as a common occurrence, and the ability to adapt is seen as a necessity for survival. The aim of marketing is a long-term customer satisfaction, rather than short-term deceptions and tricks.

Berlitz Kids German Language Pack

It is an unfortunate fact that very few elementary schools teach foreign languages, despite research indicating that children age 12 and younger are much more receptive language learners than older students. The Berlitz Kids Language Pack series is aimed at parents who know this, and want to offer their son or daughter the benefits of a second language. The Berlitz Kids German Language Pack program targets children ages five and up. The Language Pack comes in a colorful cardboard briefcase package with handle that kids can carry around. The Berlitz Kids German package includes the following: The Missing Cat/Die verschwundene Katze story bookAudio CD for the story book and songsFirst 100 German Words picture dictionaryHelp Your Child with a Foreign Language guide bookBerlitz Language German Club certificate The Berlitz Kids German Language Pack materials teach the language in a natural, familiar way that is suited for young learners. In a reading and story-telling format, along with songs in German, kids are introduced to German vocabulary, grammar, and the sounds of the language (on CD). Berlitz has repackaged its 1998 Language Pack edition, dropping the former flashcards, and putting the audio on CD rather than cassettes. The story book is in German with English in smaller print. The accompanying audio CD has excellent sound and includes eight sing-along songs that go with each chapter of the story book. The story of Nicholas and Princess, his missing cat, is a typical illustrated childrens tale that manages to introduce basic German vocabulary and grammar without seeming to teach them overtly. Berlitz offers two additional German story books (The Five Crayons and A Visit to Grandma, also with audio CD) at extra cost, which is one of the few complaints I have about this $27.00 package. For that amount, it should include more than just one story book. Besides The Missing Cat, the only other printed material for the young student is a thin 26-page picture dictionary called the First 100 Words. But parents are offered some real help in guiding their young learner. Besides being able to learn and read along with their youngster, the included 210-page book Help Your Child with a Foreign Language by Opal Dunn helps parents do a better job of introducing a new language to their kids. The book is a comprehensive guide that includes pedagogical information, language activities and games, Language Time ideas, German phrases, mistakes to avoid, suggested teaching strategies, and other resources to help mom or dad enhance the childs learning experience. It encourages parents to participate in their childs language learning by offering good ideas and practical strategies for young learners that they can use. I have awarded the Berlitz Kids Language Pack German program four stars (out of five) because it offers a good introduction to German for kids, but it should include at least one more story book instead of offering it at extra cost. I found the German songs a bit irritating (all sung by the same artists), but most young kids will probably love them. Children and their parents will enjoy learning German with the Language Pack. It is also available for Italian, French, and Spanish. Berlitz Kids German Language PackStory book/audio CD, picture dictionary, parent guide, certificateBerlitz Publishing/Langenscheidt$26.95 SRP

Social Inequality Essay - 1324 Words

Social Inequality What is social inequality? What are the sources of social inequality? For me, social inequality cannot be described in one sentence. Factors such as race, wealth, class, gender, age, among others all play roles into why people can sometimes be treated unfairly. However before I introspectively reflect on social inequality, there is one theory that suggests where today’s society is heading for me. Karl Marx is known as a prominent economic and political influence that lived during the 19th century. Marx’s theory of stratification is very applicable to where society, especially in the United States, is heading today. According to Marx, society would become divided into two classes, the dominant capitalist or the†¦show more content†¦(Smeeding, Timothy) Some economists even refer to Russia and Mexico as â€Å"developing† countries. Essentially the United States has the biggest economic gap among all developed countries. Why has that occurred? CEOâ€⠄¢s, professional athletes, actors ect. make most of the money earned in this country, leaving everyone else to work for them while they make a ridiculous income and the workers settle for just enough to have a modest lifestyle. The other day I was watching a film that promoted a similar theme to what I am trying to convey. The production was called In Time starring Justin Timberlake and Amanda Seyfried. Basically instead of money people were paid in time that they had left to live. In the movie we see a huge disparity in how different people live based on how much time they had. The important figures in their society used the time they had to manipulate everyone else because they could afford to give some away. This represents how money is influential in today’s culture. Through outlets like social media, advertisements, and important public figures having money is portrayed as being paramount. However the opposite, if someone is living in poverty, something must be wrong with them or they aren’t as valuable to the community. To create a successful, tolerant, and synergistic society money cannot determine someone’s worth to society. ObviouslyShow MoreRelatedSocial Inequalities By Jonathan Kozal Essay1570 Words   |  7 Pagessimultaneously believe that schools are places where social inequalities should be equalized, where the advantages or disadvantages that children experience in their homes and families should not determine what happens to them in school-in essence, that school is a place where children should have equal chances to make the most of their potential.† (Inequality) The 1991 article Savage Inequalities written by Jonathan Kozal highlights the fact that every person is entitled to the right to receiveRead MoreSocial Inequality : Inequality And Inequality3119 Words   |  13 Pages Core Assessment Paper Carrie Bailey Park University Social Inequality in My Life Social inequality is described by the presence of unequal opportunities and rewards for various social positions or statuses inside a society or group. 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Areas of social inequality include  voting rights,freedom of speech  and assembly, the extent of  property rights  and access to  education,  health care, quality  housing,  traveling,  transportation,  vacationing  and other social goods and services. Apart from that it can also be seen in the quality of family and neighbourhood life, occupation,  job satisfactionRead MoreEssay on Social Inequality Between Men and Women1102 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many forms of social inequality that can be analyzed in the study of anthropology. One of these is the social inequality between men and women. Though gender is studied relatively commonly in the field of anthropology, it is not often looked at through the lens of social inequalit y. 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Special Bond Between Fellow Police Officers Essay

It is safe to say that one of the most arduous and taxing, both physically and mentally, occupations in the country right now would be that of a police officer. Just imagine having to witness half of the atrocities these brave men and women must endure through, knowing that to them it is â€Å"just another day at the office.† Unfortunately, police officers are not, by any means, impervious to these scenes and some are even traumatized by it. This is why it is up to their fellow officers, their brothers and sisters of the badge, to assist them in coping with their experiences. After all, who else could understand what they are going through if not the people they trust with their own lives out on the streets? This special bond between fellow police officers is what is often coined as the police subculture. The police subculture is â€Å"a distinctive set of beliefs, values, attitudes and behaviors that are shared amongst the majority of officers working in police organizations †. (Reference.com). Since a police officer’s job is to combat criminal activity, often times they see civilians as irresponsible and possible threats, which is partially true considering both the innocent and criminals are civilians. Therefore, the only other individuals police officers can trust fully are other police officers. From this connection, aspects of friendship, cooperation, and reliability arise which supports the idea of police officers against civilians, or â€Å"us versus them†. As one could imagine,Show MoreRelatedPolice Officers And Domestic Violence1452 Words   |  6 PagesPolice Officers respond to calls of domestic violence all the time. They break up the fights, they talk to both parties, they either make an arrest or they give a warning. They are out on the streets, protecting everyone from violent criminals, gangs, and are always there to help us. Who helps the families and the victims of domestic violence when a Police Officer is the per petrator? 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While out on the battlefield with a squad or regiment, goodRead MoreThe Hero By Day, Villain By Night : Police As Domestic Abuse Offenders318 6 Words   |  13 PagesDay, Villain by Night: Police as Domestic Abuse Offenders Kevin Chambers SOC 3332 Family Violence Research Paper March 6, 2015 Abstract This paper will show common dynamics surrounding officer-involved domestic violence (OIDV) including the most associated causes for it. It will also touch on a few reasons why victims of OIDV are far less likely to come forward. The purpose of this paper is not to attempt to justify the actions of the abusive police officer, but rather to shedRead MoreThe Blue Wall Of Silence Essay2214 Words   |  9 Pagescode, among police officers, that essentially states that no officer is to report any acts of deviance, brutality, corruption or misconduct that their fellow officers may commit. Those in law enforcement may see this unwritten rule as a form of brotherhood and honor. 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